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No. 623,384. Painted Apr. 18, I899. E. nossns.

METHOD OF MAKING TOOL BLANKS. (Application flied July 11, 1898.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets-'Sheet I.

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llivrrnn STATES PATENT QFFICE.

ETHAN ROGERS, OF BALLSTON, NEW YORK.

METHOD OF MAKING TOOL-BLANKS.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 623,384, dated April 18, 1899.

Application filed July 11, 1898. Serial No. 685,592. (No specimens.)

T0 mZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ETHAN' ROGERS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Ballston; county of Saratoga, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Making Toolllla-nks, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to such improvements; and it consists of the novel construction and combination of parts hereinafter described and subsequently claimed.

Reference may be had to the accompanying drawings, and the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Similar letters refer to similar parts in the several figures.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a side elevation of a bar-plate from which pieces are cut to be formed-into blanks. Fig. 2 is an end View of the same. Fig. is a side elevation of a cutoff piece standing on one end. Fig. dis a top plan view of a two-part forming-die. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the same with the front part removed and showing a cut piece of the bar-plate in position to be formed by the forcing-die, shown in elevation above the piece. Fig. (3 is a side elevation of a cut-off piece formed ready for punching, showing the convexed edge uppermost. Fig. 7 is a top plan view of the two-part gripping-die. Fig. 8 is a side elevation of the same with the front part removed and showing the formed piece in position therein to be punched by the punch shown in part just above the formed piece. Fig. 9 is a view in side elevation of the finished blank. Fig. 10 is an upper edge view of the same.

The dies and punch herein shown and described may be operated in a machine like that shown in United States Letters Patent No. 531,221, issued to me December 18, 1894, for improvements in machines for making axpolls, to which patent reference may be had for a description thereof.

Myiinproved method is especially adapted for use in making aX-poll blanks where pieces to form blanks are cut from a rolled bar-plate of steel and in which pieces an eye is formed by punching a comparatively long distance edgewise through the relatively thin plate from one cut edge to the other.

A is the bar-plate, rolled from the beveled bit portion A of the blanks and the remaining body or head portion adapted to receive the eye E. The bar-plate is highly heated at one end and a piece A adapted to form a blank, cut off along the dotted line A in Fig'. 1. If thispiece in its cut-oftform were placed in gripping-dies and punched, those portions adjacent to the punch would follow the parts forced along before the punch sufiiciently to distort the piece and form an imperfect blank and render it difficult or impossible to afterward remove the imperfections. I have ascertained that the heated and yielding piece of metal can be easily given a form preparatory to punching, such that the punching operation is not only facilitated, but the piece easily and naturally assumes during the operation the form of a perfect blank. I insert the piece A in a two-part female section B of a forming-die and form the piece by pressure thereon of the male section B. It will be seen in Fig. 5 that the bottom of the die is provided with a concavedsurface B and that one of the upright walls B is beveled up wardly and outwardly. The formed piece upon emerging from this die has the form seen in Fig. 6, where it is shown in an inverted position, for the reason that the convex'ed side B should be uppermost to receive a descending punch and the recess B formed by the projection B on the lower side. The formed piece is then inserted in the twopart section or grippers O of the punchingdie in the position shown in Fig. 8. The punch P is then forced down through the upper convexed edge to form the eye E. As the punch passes down through the comparatively thin piece of metal the sides of the piece are held up to place and form by the side walls and projections C of the grippers. The convexity of the upper edge of the piece is approximately sufficient to permit the natural drop of the edge during the punching operation Without producing a convexity of the edges in the punched blank. The recess on the lower edge receives most of the metal displaced by the punch and prevents undue strain upon the punch and die which would take place if the displacement were wholly compensated for by forcing the surrounding metal to flow upward within the die. There being some expansive (low of the metal forwardly in the direction of the bit between the gripping projections O 0, there would be a very great forward lateral strain upon the punch if the back edge had no corresponding vent.

By giving the formed piece the upward inward bevel B sufficient expanding room is afforded to reduce the lateral strain upon the punch toa minimum. Furthermore, the beveled back edge and convexed upper edge combine to produce at the end of the punching operation a full square corner at the junction of the back and upper edge, as seen in Fig. 0, whereby I am enabled to produce aperfect blank at the conclusion of the punching operation without subsequently swaging. The eye can be fully-formed by inverting the blank in the same dies and inserting the punch through the edge which was previously at the bottom.

\Vhen desired, the stock P, which supports the punch, may be given the function of a pressing-die and employed to give to a limited degree the upper and lower edges of the blank a more accurate and exact form.

\Vhen convexing and concaving the blank,

as shown in Fig. 5, it is in most cases unnecessary to support the sides or ends of the blank, it being sufficient to press the cut-off piece between the projection B and the concaved bottom B The wedging force of the project ion is sufficient to force the upper part of the head edge outwardly to form the bevel 13 without the support 13 What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

The method of making tool-blanks which consists in heating and preparatorily forming by pressure, a metallic bar-plate blank Whereby its upper edge is provided with a Iongitudinally-convexed surface extending from the front to the back edges, and its lower edge with a recess intermediately of its front and back edges, and afterward filling the recess ,by forcing a portion of the convexed edge ETIIAN ROGERS,

\Vitn esses:

Gno. A. MosHER, FRANK C. CURTIS. 

